2013年雅思考试听力辅导之巧用定语解题
发布：无锡环球雅思英语学校 点击数： 发布时间：2013-8-15 11:44:47
摘要: 无锡环球雅思小编为大家带来2013年雅思听力辅导：巧用定语解题，考生可以借鉴参考一下，以下是具体内容： 1.前置定语结构 前置定语在考题中出现的形式为“n.______”和“adj._______”，即在填空前出现名词或形容词的关键词。
无锡环球雅思小编为大家带来2013年雅思听力辅导：巧用定语解题 ，考生可以借鉴参考一下，以下是具体内容：
1.前置定语结构
前置定语在考题中出现的形式为“n. ______” 和 “adj. _______”， 即在填空前出现名词或形容词的关键词。
在录音中则经常通过修辞结构和句子结构的改变，将关键词后置。
例 1：cambridge 6 test 1 section 3 question 24
--reduced ___________ for students.
录音：students pay an annual fee that’s much less than the general public pay.
解析：通过修辞结构的改变，把形容词前置定语变成从句后置定语，完成关键词后置，同时伴随reduced的同意转换。
例 2：cambridge 6 test 2 section 3 question 21
--read it ___________.
录音：look through catalogues specialised in it.
解析：通过修辞结构的改变，把名词前置定语变成分词后置定语，完成关键词后置。
例 3：cambridge 5 test 3 section 3 question 30
--excellent ___________.
录音：f： ok， any other comments?
m： i thought student support was excellent.
解析：通过句子结构的改变，完成关键词后置。
2. 后置定语结构
后置定语在考题中出现的形式为“n. prep. ______” 和 “n. p. _______”， 即在填空前出现关键词如“名词-介词(如of， for， about， in， on， etc.)”或“名词-分词”。
在录音中则经常通过修辞结构和句子结构的改变，将名词关键词后置。
例 1：cambridge 6 test 2 section 3 question 22
--spoken to jane prince
head of the _____________.
录音：f： jane prince， do you know her? she’s in the computer centre.
m： yes， of course， she is the new head.
例 2：cambridge 6 test 4 section 2 question 15
--will explain about arrangement for ______________ and fire exits.
录音：he will also go through the security arrangement with you and show you the fire exits.
解析：通过修辞结构的改变，把介词短语后置定语变成名词前置定语，完成关键词后置。
解析：通过句子结构的改变，完成关键词后置。
这种定语结构的前置和后置要求考生须要在读题时在平时的学习中要熟悉听力题目中常见的容易出现定语前置和后置的结构，视觉敏感的培养;掌握语法定语结构转换。可以很容易出现关键词前后标题之前的判断，并预测答案;然后听使用预测捕获时。
由于大部分学生手中都有现有的语法书，学生只需重点关注相应定语从句的章节即可，简单易行。笔者以下列‘常用that 不用which’的用法举例，归纳为11点，方便学生在练习时查对。
1. 当先行词为all, little, much, few, everything, none等不定代词时关系代词用that而不用which.
i will tell him all that you told me at the ball.
there are few books that you can read in this book store.
2. 当先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词用that, 不用which.
he asked about the factories and workers that he had visited.
3. 当先行词有形容词最高级修饰时，关系代词用that, 而不用which.
this is the best novel that i have ever read.
guilin is one of the most beautiful cities that i have ever visited.
4. 当先行词有序数词修饰时，关系代词用that, 不用which.
the first sight that was caught at the great wall has made a lasting impression on him.
5. 当先行词被the only, the very, the same, the right等修饰时，关系代词用that, 不用which.
that is the very thing that we can do.
it is the only book that he bought himself.
6. 当先行词被all, every, any, much, little, few, no等修饰时，关系代词用that, 不用which.
you can take any room that you like.
there is no clothes that fit you here.
7. 当主句是以which开头的特殊问句时，定语从句关系代词一般用that而不用which.
which of the books that had pictures was worth reading?
8. 在强调句型"it is ... that ..."中，只用that, 不用which.
it is in this room that he was born twenty years ago.
9. 在"such (the same) ... as ..." 句型中，关系代词要用as, 而不用which.
we need such materials as (not which) can bear high temperature.
10. 表示"正如...那样"，"正像..."之意时，用as, 不用which.
mary was late again, as had been expected.
11. as引导的定语从句可以放在主句前面，也可以放在主句后面或主句中间，而由which引导的定语从句只能放在主句后面。
as we all know, oceans cover more than 70% of the earth.
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